The measure you start with matters because it is an identifier of the clave. It has three hits in one measure and two hits in the other, and it can be played in either 3:2 or 2:3. Clave Rhythms for SalsaĬlave is a two-measure rhythmic cycle that’s derived from the African bell pattern. He added the conga drum, piano, and trumpet and the rest is expanding upon this format. Typical salsa bands have congas, bongo, timbales, smaller percussion instruments like maracas and guiro, piano, bass, vocals, and a horn section with mostly brass and some woodwinds.Īrsenio Rodriguez is widely accepted as the one who brought together the modern salsa rhythm and horn sections. The percussion section of a salsa ensemble consists of a combination of the Cuban conjunto and charanga instrumentations. The conjunto had horns, congas, and bongo, while the charanga had strings, flute, and timbales. The origins of the slasa instrumentation can be found in the Cuban conjunto and charanga orquestras. The label included many great salseros from New York like Celia Cruz, Willie Colon, and Ray Barretto, to name a few. This development in popular Cuban dance music was further supported by Johnny Pacheco’s Fania Records, which was founded in 1964. They used elements of Cuban musical forms like call and response choruses and the clave rhythmic foundation to make a familiar but new way of playing. A lot of the origin events take place in the 1950s and 1960s when immigrants filled dance halls with Cuban dance music and a touch of jazz.īand leaders like Tito Puente and Machito played mambo, chacha, and Latin jazz. Salsa rhythms come from both the popularizing of the Cuban son and rumba styles as well as the migration of Cubans and Puerto Ricans to cities in the United States like New York. In the following article, we will explore the origins, instrumentation, and rhythms of modern salsa ensembles. Salsa music is based on mostly Cuban styles, yet it also developed as a popular dance hall ensemble format from the Cuban and Puerto Rican bands in New York during the 1950s and 1960s. Styles like guaguancó and Mozambique use rumba clave and often present opportunities for added improvisation within the song arrangement. Additionally, the winds, horns, and vocal rhythms fall on particular beats relative to the clave rhythm.Īlthough the son clave is the most common fundamental rhythmic pattern in salsa, rumba clave will also make an appearance. These parts include the piano montuno and bass and conga tumbaos. All of the rhythm section instruments in a salsa ensemble play parts that fit with clave. Salsa rhythms are based on the son or rumba clave and can be played in 2:3 or 3:2.
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These rhythms can sometimes sound a little confusing, so in this article we will explore how to play the most common basic percussion parts for salsa music. Like most Afro-Cuban music, salsa rhythms are based on clave patterns.
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